Total Hip Arthroplasty

Overview

Total hip arthroplasty, also called total hip replacement, is an operation used to relieve severe hip pain and improve mobility when treatments such as medication, physiotherapy, activity changes, or injections no longer provide enough benefit. It is commonly performed for osteoarthritis, but may also treat inflammatory arthritis, fractures, or damage to the hip joint.

During surgery, the surgeon removes the damaged ball at the top of the thighbone and replaces it with a metal or ceramic ball attached to a stem. The damaged socket is resurfaced with an artificial cup, usually lined with plastic, ceramic, or metal. Surgery generally takes one to two hours and may be performed under spinal or general anaesthesia.

Recovery

Most patients begin standing and walking with assistance shortly after surgery. A walker, crutches, or cane may be needed temporarily. Physiotherapy and regular exercises help restore strength, balance, and movement. Recovery varies, but many people resume routine daily activities within six weeks, while improvement can continue for several months. Driving, work, and exercise should restart only when the surgical team considers them safe.

Risks & Safety

Possible complications include infection, blood clots, bleeding, dislocation, leg-length difference, nerve or blood-vessel injury, fracture, and loosening or wear of the implant. Preventive measures may include antibiotics, blood-thinning medication, compression devices, and early movement.

Hip replacement usually provides substantial pain relief and better function. Artificial hips often last many years, although future revision surgery may be required. Seek urgent medical advice after surgery for chest pain, breathing difficulty, fever, increasing wound redness or drainage, severe swelling, or sudden hip pain.

Techniques

Dr. Assini developed and uses the AnteriorPATH technique in the majority of his hip patients. In this technique the standard direct anterior approach is utilized, but the incision is made smaller, and along the groin crease. This helps with healing, minimizes nerve issues and improves cosmesis.